— 降低風險 · EASY · SATA —
下列哪些護理措施最能降低院內感染（HAI）的風險？（選所有適合的）
Which of the following actions by the nurse best minimizes the risk of hospital-acquired infections (HAI)? (Select all that apply.)
- APerform hand hygiene before and after client contact✓ 正解在接觸病人前後執行手部衛生
- BUse sterile technique for all patient interactions在所有病人互動中使用無菌技術
- CEnsure appropriate use of personal protective equipment (PPE)✓ 正解確保適當使用個人防護裝備（PPE）
- DKeep the client's bed rails up at all times始終保持病人床欄升起
- EClean shared equipment between client uses✓ 正解在每次使用間清潔共用設備
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
降低院內感染的核心為：洗手（最重要）、依據防護等級使用個人防護裝備（PPE）、以及確實清潔共用醫療器材。 sterile technique 僅用於侵入性處置，而非所有接觸；床欄與感染防治無直接關聯。持續遵循標準防護措施是預防感染的不二法門。
The core measures to reduce hospital-acquired infections are hand hygiene (most important), appropriate use of PPE according to precaution level, and cleaning shared equipment between patients. Sterile technique is reserved for invasive procedures, not all patient contact, and bed rails are unrelated to infection control. Consistent adherence to Standard Precautions is fundamental to preventing infection.
✦ 台美臨床差異
台美對於院感監控系統與稽核標準皆十分嚴格，但在醫療廢棄物分類標示上略有法規差異。