— 降低風險 · HARD · MCQ —
護理師準備給予一位病人 20 mEq 氯化鉀靜脈注射，哪項措施是正確的？
A nurse is preparing to administer potassium chloride 20 mEq IV bolus to a client. Which action is appropriate?
- AVerify the medication with another nurse before administration給藥前與另一位護理師核對藥物
- BAdminister the medication via IV push over 2 minutes在 2 分鐘內經靜脈推注給予藥物
- CQuestion the order because potassium chloride must never be given IV質疑醫囑，因為氯化鉀絕不能經靜脈給予
- DDilute the medication in 50 mL of normal saline and infuse over 1 hour✓ 正解將藥物稀釋於 50 mL 之生理鹽水中，並於 1 小時內輸注
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
氯化鉀具有極高的心臟毒性，絕對禁止直接靜脈推注（IV push）。為了預防心律不整及靜脈炎，鉀離子必須稀釋後以控制速率滴注（通常不超過 10-20 mEq/hr）。此題考點在於給藥安全，直接靜脈給藥會導致心搏停止。
Potassium chloride is highly cardiotoxic and must never be administered as a direct IV push. To prevent arrhythmias and phlebitis, potassium must be diluted and infused at a controlled rate (typically not exceeding 10-20 mEq/hr). The focus of this question is medication safety; direct IV push administration can cause cardiac arrest.
✦ 台美臨床差異
台美臨床對於鉀離子給藥的警覺性皆極高，且均有嚴格的給藥禁忌規範，防止護理師發生誤給。