— 藥理與非經腸給藥 · HARD · MCQ —
病人正在進行萬古黴素（vancomycin）靜脈輸注，護理師觀察到其臉部與頸部潮紅且搔癢，應優先採取什麼行動？
A client is receiving an intravenous infusion of vancomycin. The nurse notes the client's face and neck are becoming flushed and itchy. What is the nurse's priority action?
- AStop the infusion✓ 正解停止輸注
- BSlow the infusion rate減慢輸注速率
- CNotify the provider通知醫師
- DAdminister an antihistamine immediately立即給予抗組織胺
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
此個案呈現典型的「紅人症候群」（Red Man Syndrome），這是因萬古黴素（Vancomycin）輸注速度過快，直接刺激肥大細胞導致組織胺快速釋放所致。這雖非真正的過敏性休克（Anaphylaxis），但仍可能導致嚴重的低血壓與心跳過速。護理師的第一反應必須是「停止輸注」，以阻斷導致症狀的持續原因。
This client is showing the classic presentation of Red Man Syndrome, which results from infusing vancomycin too rapidly, directly stimulating mast cells and causing a rapid release of histamine. Although it is not a true anaphylactic reaction, it can still produce significant hypotension and tachycardia. The nurse's first action must be to stop the infusion in order to interrupt the cause of the symptoms.