— 健康促進與維護 · MEDIUM · SATA —
護理師教導個案皮膚癌預防，哪些項目正確？（選所有適合的）
A nurse is teaching a client about the prevention of skin cancer. Which items are correct? (Select all that apply.)
- AWear long-sleeved clothing✓ 正解穿著長袖衣物
- BUse SPF 30+ broad-spectrum sunscreen✓ 正解使用 SPF 30+ 廣效性防曬乳
- CCheck skin for changing moles✓ 正解檢查皮膚是否有痣的變化
- DStay in the sun to build a 'base tan'暴露在陽光下建立『基礎曬黑'
- EAvoid tanning beds✓ 正解避免使用日光浴床
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
皮膚癌預防的關鍵在於減少紫外線暴露與早期發現病變。防曬乳應選擇廣效性（Broad-spectrum）且 SPF 30 以上，並搭配物理遮蔽。自我皮膚檢查（Self-skin exam）對於早期發現黑色素瘤至關重要（ABCDE 原則）。此外，應嚴格禁止使用人工日曬床，因為其紫外線強度極高，致癌風險明確。
The key to skin cancer prevention lies in reducing ultraviolet exposure and detecting lesions early. Sunscreen should be broad-spectrum with SPF of 30 or higher and combined with physical barriers. Self-skin examination is essential for the early detection of melanoma (ABCDE rule). In addition, the use of artificial tanning beds should be strictly prohibited because they emit very high levels of UV radiation and carry a well-established carcinogenic risk.