— 藥理與非經腸給藥 · EASY · MCQ —
護理師即將給予病人 20 mEq 的氯化鉀（KCl）口服藥。下列哪項發現需暫停給藥？
A nurse is administering a dose of potassium chloride (KCl) 20 mEq PO. Which finding requires the nurse to hold the medication?
- APotassium level of 5.2 mEq/L✓ 正解鉀離子濃度為 5.2 mEq/L
- BBlood pressure of 130/85 mmHg血壓為 130/85 mmHg
- CUrine output of 40 mL/hour尿量為 40 mL/hour
- DHeart rate of 88 bpm心率為 88 bpm
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
高血鉀症（>5.0 mEq/L）為給藥禁忌，因外源性鉀離子補充會誘發致命性心律不整。鉀離子主要透過腎臟代謝，故需評估尿量（C），但 40 mL/hr 在正常範圍內，無需停藥。血壓與心跳在給藥前評估雖重要，但非鉀離子給藥的決定性因素。
Hyperkalemia (>5.0 mEq/L) is a contraindication to administration, because giving exogenous potassium can precipitate lethal dysrhythmias. Potassium is excreted mainly by the kidneys, so urine output should be evaluated (C); however, 40 mL/hr is within the normal range and does not warrant withholding the drug. Although blood pressure and pulse should be assessed before administration, they are not the decisive factor for giving potassium.
✦ 台美臨床差異
美台臨床皆視血鉀 >5.0 mEq/L 為給藥紅線，需與醫療團隊確認。