— 基本照護與舒適 · EASY · MCQ —
護理師協助吞嚥困難病人進食，哪種姿勢最能預防吸入性肺炎？
A nurse is preparing to assist a client who has difficulty swallowing. Which position is most appropriate to prevent aspiration during mealtime?
- ASupine with a single pillow單枕仰臥
- BSemi-Fowler's at 30 degrees30 度半福勒氏氏臥位
- CLeft lateral recumbent position左側臥位
- DHigh-Fowler's position✓ 正解高福勒氏氏臥位
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
高坐姿（High-Fowler's）將身體保持 90 度垂直，利用重力協助食物下嚥並減少反流風險。平躺姿勢極易引起窒息與吸入，30 度對重症病人尚可，但對吞嚥困難者不足以確保安全。左側臥常見於減輕胃食道逆流，但非進食標準姿勢。
The high-Fowler's position keeps the body upright at 90 degrees, using gravity to facilitate swallowing and reduce the risk of reflux. A supine position greatly predisposes to choking and aspiration; 30 degrees may be acceptable for critically ill patients but is insufficient to ensure safety in those with dysphagia. The left lateral position is commonly used to reduce gastroesophageal reflux but is not the standard position for eating.
✦ 台美臨床差異
美台臨床對於吞嚥困難病人的姿勢要求一致，均依據吸入性肺炎預防指引（ASP）。