— 安全與感染控制 · EASY · MCQ —
護理師進行身體評估時，為預防感染，哪項行動最為優先？
A nurse is performing a physical assessment on a client. Which action is the priority to prevent infection?
- APerforming hand hygiene before and after patient contact✓ 正解在接觸病人前後執行手部衛生
- BUsing gloves throughout the entire physical exam整個身體評估期間都戴手套
- CWearing a gown for every patient encounter每次接觸病人都穿隔離衣
- DDisinfecting the stethoscope only at the end of the shift僅在輪班結束時消毒聽診器
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
手部衛生是預防「醫療照護相關感染」（Healthcare-Associated Infections, HAIs）最核心的措施。根據疾病管制與預防中心（CDC）的標準防護措施，護理師在接觸病人前後、執行無菌技術前、接觸體液後以及接觸病人環境後，皆須進行手部衛生。這是阻斷病原體透過護理師手部進行交叉傳染最有效的手段。選項 A 正確，因為它符合標準防護措施的核心要求。
Hand hygiene is the single most effective measure for preventing healthcare-associated infections and breaking the chain of transmission. Performing hand hygiene before and after patient contact adheres to standard precautions and significantly reduces the risk of cross-contamination compared to other methods like glove use alone.
✦ 台美臨床差異
在美國臨床環境中，對於手部衛生（Hand Hygiene）的落實監控極為嚴格，通常採用酒精乾洗手液（Alcohol-based hand rub）作為常規，僅在手部可見髒污或接觸芽孢菌（如 C. difficile）時才強制使用肥皂洗手。