— 降低風險 · HARD · SATA —
護理師照護一位嗜中性白血球減少症的病人。應納入哪些護理措施？（選所有適合的）
A nurse is providing care for a client with neutropenia. Which of the following interventions should the nurse include? (Select all that apply.)
- AEncourage the client to eat fresh fruits and salads鼓勵病人食用新鮮水果與沙拉
- BInstruct the client to perform hand hygiene frequently✓ 正解指示病人頻繁執行手部衛生
- CKeep fresh flowers in the client's room在病人房間放置鮮花
- DMonitor temperature every 4 hours✓ 正解每4小時監測體溫
- ERestrict visitors who are ill✓ 正解限制生病的探視者
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
嗜中性白血球減少（Neutropenia）病人極易感染。需採取防護措施，例如：嚴格手部衛生、監測體溫（發燒是重要感染徵象）、限制探訪者以防病菌傳播。嚴禁食用生食（生菜、水果皮）及擺放鮮花，因為這些地方可能藏有真菌或細菌。
Neutropenic precautions are required to protect against infection: strict hand hygiene, monitoring temperature every 4 hours (fever may be the only sign of infection), and restricting ill visitors. Raw or fresh fruits and salads (potential bacterial contamination) and fresh flowers (fungal reservoirs in soil and water) must be avoided.
✦ 台美臨床差異
台灣醫院對於白血球低下的病人多執行保護隔離（Protective Isolation），美國則稱為 Neutropenic Precautions。