— 健康促進與維護 · EASY · MCQ —
一位 55 歲客戶預計進行例行健康檢查。針對此年齡層，護理師應強調哪項預防性篩檢？
A 55-year-old client is scheduled for a routine health screening. Which preventive screening should the nurse emphasize for this age group?
- AHuman Papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine人類乳突病毒（HPV）疫苗
- BBone mineral density scan骨礦物質密度掃描
- CRoutine hearing assessment常規聽力評估
- DColonoscopy✓ 正解結腸鏡檢查
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
根據美國預防服務工作組指引，結腸鏡檢查建議於 45-50 歲開始，每 10 年一次，55 歲屬於關鍵篩檢區間。此篩檢能有效降低大腸癌發生率與死亡率。HPV 疫苗主要針對青少年或年輕成人，骨密度掃描多建議 65 歲以上女性，聽力篩檢非此年齡層的首要預防項目。
According to USPSTF guidelines, colonoscopy is recommended starting at age 45-50, repeated every 10 years; age 55 falls within the key screening interval. This screening effectively reduces colorectal cancer incidence and mortality. HPV vaccine is primarily for adolescents/young adults. Bone density scans are recommended starting at age 65 (women). Hearing screening is not a top preventive priority for this age group.
✦ 台美臨床差異
美台兩地對大腸癌篩檢年齡建議趨於一致，台灣健保提供 50 歲以上糞便潛血檢查，而美國多建議 45 歲起進行篩檢。