一位 22 歲女性進行例行健康檢查。下列哪種疫苗建議納入她的預防性健康計畫?
A 22-year-old female presents for a routine wellness exam. Which vaccination is recommended to be included in her preventive health plan?
- APneumococcal vaccine肺炎鏈球菌疫苗
- BHerpes zoster vaccine帶狀疱疹疫苗
- CHuman papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine✓ 正解人類乳突病毒(HPV)疫苗
- DRotavirus vaccine輪狀病毒疫苗
人類乳突病毒(HPV)疫苗屬於預防性健康計畫的重要一環。HPV 是導致子宮頸癌、外陰癌及陰道癌的主要危險因子。美國疾病管制與預防中心(CDC)建議 11 或 12 歲開始接種,但對於未曾接種者,建議補接種至 26 歲。此題強調年輕成年女性的常規健康促進,接種疫苗可顯著降低未來罹患相關癌症的風險,符合初級預防(Primary Prevention)的概念。
The human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine is recommended for women up to age 26 to prevent cervical and other related cancers, aligning with CDC guidelines for primary prevention. Other vaccines listed are either for infants, older adults, or individuals with specific chronic conditions, making them inappropriate for this routine wellness visit.
台灣與美國在 HPV 疫苗接種指引上大致相似,皆建議於青少年時期完成接種。美國臨床上對於 27-45 歲的個體,醫師可根據共同決策模式(Shared Clinical Decision-Making)評估是否接種,台灣健保目前針對國中女生有公費接種政策。