— 安全與感染控制 · MEDIUM · MCQ —
一位病人發生全身性大發作癲癇，下列何者正確？
A nurse encounters a client having a grand mal seizure. Which of the following is correct?
- AImmediately alert the code blue team立即通知急救小組
- BForce the patient's jaw open to prevent tongue biting強行張開患者嘴巴以防止咬舌
- CGive the patient water to swallow once the seizure ends癲癇發作結束後給患者喝水
- DTime the seizure and note the characteristics✓ 正解記錄發作時間並觀察特徵
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
觀察並紀錄癲癇發作的時間長度、臨床表現特徵，是診斷與後續治療的依據。B 禁止強行撬開牙關，C 發作後病人可能吞嚥功能尚未恢復，不宜立即給水。D 一般癲癇不需動用全院急救團隊，除非持續時間過長（Status Epilepticus）。
The priority action during a generalized seizure is to time the episode and document its characteristics, as this information is crucial for diagnosis and treatment. Nurses must never force the patient's jaw open due to fracture risks, nor give water immediately post-seizure as swallowing reflexes may be impaired.
✦ 台美臨床差異
美台皆強調癲癇發作時的監測與紀錄，不鼓勵不必要的干預。