護理師正照護一位新開立口服納曲酮（naltrexone）的病人。病人詢問此藥物的用途。護理師應解釋納曲酮用於：
A nurse is caring for a client with a new prescription for oral naltrexone. The client asks what the medication is for. The nurse should explain that naltrexone is used to:
- APrevent nausea and vomiting.預防噁心和嘔吐。
- BTreat alcohol dependence and opioid addiction.✓ 正解治療酒精依賴和鴉片類成癮。
- CManage opioid withdrawal symptoms.管理鴉片類戒斷症狀。
- DRelieve acute pain.緩解急性疼痛。
納曲酮（Naltrexone）屬於鴉片類受體拮抗劑（Opioid Antagonist），其核心藥理機轉是與中樞神經系統內的鴉片受體結合，競爭性地阻斷鴉片類藥物與其受體結合，從而消除藥物帶來的欣快感，並降低對酒精或鴉片類的渴望。在臨床照護中，護理師需確保病人已完成解毒程序（Detoxification），因為若在體內仍有鴉片類藥物時給予納曲酮，會誘發嚴重的急性戒斷症狀。
Naltrexone is an opioid antagonist. Its core pharmacologic mechanism is to bind to opioid receptors in the central nervous system, competitively blocking opioids from binding and thereby eliminating the euphoric effect and reducing cravings for alcohol and opioids. In clinical care, the nurse must confirm that the client has already completed detoxification, because giving naltrexone while opioids are still in the body will precipitate severe acute withdrawal.
在美國，Naltrexone 常以長效針劑（Vivitrol）形式給予，以提高服藥順從性；台灣臨床則仍以口服錠劑較為常見。