一位病人主訴下背痛。護理師評估該疼痛時，優先順序為何？
A client complains of pain in the lower back. What is the nurse's priority when assessing this pain?
- AIgnoring the pain until tests are back忽略疼痛直到檢驗結果出來
- BAssuming the client is drug-seeking假設病人是在尋求藥物
- CAsking the client to describe the pain characteristics請病人描述疼痛的特性
- DAsking about the pain intensity✓ 正解詢問疼痛強度
疼痛是「第五生命徵象（The Fifth Vital Sign）」，護理評估的核心原則是「病人的主訴即是事實」。當病人主訴疼痛時，首要任務是量化疼痛程度，以便建立基準線（Baseline）並評估後續止痛介入的成效。使用 0-10 的疼痛量表（Pain Scale）是標準作法。絕不能假設病人是為了藥物而偽裝疼痛（Drug-seeking），這違反了護理倫理與以病人為中心的照護原則。在評估時，優先順序應為：量化強度 -> 評估特徵 -> 尋找緩解/加重因子。
Pain is the fifth vital sign, and a fundamental principle of nursing assessment is that the client's report of pain is to be accepted as fact. When a client reports pain, the priority is to quantify its intensity in order to establish a baseline and evaluate the effectiveness of subsequent analgesic interventions. Use of a 0-10 pain scale is the standard practice. The nurse must never assume that the client is fabricating pain to obtain medication (drug-seeking), as doing so violates nursing ethics and the principles of patient-centered care. The proper assessment sequence is: quantify intensity, then assess characteristics, then identify aggravating and relieving factors.