一位 45 歲個案詢問護理師關於乳房自我檢查的建議頻率。根據現行健康促進指引，下列何者最準確？
A 45-year-old client asks the nurse about the recommended frequency for breast self-examinations. Which information is most accurate based on current health promotion guidelines?
- APerform the examination only if a lump is felt只有在摸到腫塊時才進行檢查
- BPerform the examination every 6 months during the annual physical在年度健檢時每 6 個月進行一次檢查
- CPerform the examination monthly, preferably 5 to 7 days after menstruation begins✓ 正解每月進行一次檢查，最好在月經開始後 5 至 7 天進行
- DPerform the examination once a week每週進行一次檢查
乳房自我檢查應選在月經結束後的 5-7 天，此時乳房組織最柔軟，較不容易受到荷爾蒙波動干擾。雖然現代篩檢轉向鼓勵乳房意識，但對於有規律月經的女性，此時間點檢查可建立對個人正常乳房結構的認知，有助於早期發現異常腫塊，若發現結構性改變應及時就醫。
Breast self-examination should be performed 5 to 7 days after the menstrual period ends, when breast tissue is softest and least affected by hormonal fluctuations. Although modern screening has shifted toward promoting breast awareness, for women with regular menstrual cycles, performing the exam at this time helps establish familiarity with one's individual normal breast structure and facilitates early detection of abnormal lumps; structural changes warrant prompt medical evaluation.
美國 ACS 目前較強調乳房意識而非強制自我檢查，台灣國民健康署則持續推廣 45 歲以上每兩年一次免費乳房攝影檢查。