護理師正在教導個案關於二級預防。護理師應包含哪項活動作為範例？
A nurse is teaching a client about secondary prevention. Which activity should the nurse include as an example?
- APerforming a scoliosis screening in a middle school✓ 正解在中學進行脊柱側彎篩檢
- BProviding physical therapy after a stroke中風後提供物理治療
- CAdministering a flu vaccine施打流感疫苗
- DTeaching a diabetic client about foot care教導糖尿病病人足部護理
二級預防（Secondary prevention）的核心概念是早期發現疾病並及時治療，以限制疾病的發展和併發症的發生。它針對的是那些已經暴露於風險因素或可能已處於疾病早期階段的個體，但尚未出現明顯症狀或嚴重後果的人群。護理師在教導個案時，應解釋二級預防的目標是透過篩檢（Screening）和早期診斷來介入。臨床思路應著重於篩檢計畫的推廣，例如癌症篩檢、血壓血糖篩檢、骨質密度檢查等，這些活動旨在尚未出現嚴重症狀前就識別出健康問題，以便進行早期干預。
Secondary prevention focuses on early detection and treatment of disease before symptoms become severe, primarily through screening programs. Scoliosis screening in middle school is a prime example, as it identifies conditions early to limit progression. In contrast, vaccines represent primary prevention, while rehabilitation and chronic disease management fall under tertiary prevention.
在美國與台灣，初級、二級、三級預防的定義和範疇是普遍一致的。兩地護理師在健康教育中都會使用這些概念來指導個案。在校園篩檢方面，脊柱側彎篩檢在美國許多州是例行性的學校健康服務，台灣也普遍在學齡期進行類似的健康檢查。概念上並無差異。