在醫療機構中，哪項措施最能有效預防艱難梭菌的傳播？
Which action is most effective in preventing the spread of Clostridioides difficile in a healthcare setting?
- AWashing hands with soap and water✓ 正解用肥皂和水洗手
- BWearing a surgical mask佩戴外科口罩
- CMaintaining a private room with negative pressure維持具有負壓的私人病房
- DUsing alcohol-based hand sanitizer使用酒精性乾洗手液
艱難梭菌（*Clostridioides difficile*, C. diff）感染是醫療機構中常見且具挑戰性的院內感染之一。其特殊之處在於艱難梭菌能夠形成芽孢（spores），這些芽孢具有極強的抵抗力，能夠在環境中長時間存活，並且對許多常用的消毒劑和酒精性乾洗手液（alcohol-based hand sanitizer）具有抗性。因此，預防艱難梭菌傳播的關鍵在於採用能夠有效物理性移除這些芽孢的措施。護理師在照護艱難梭菌感染病人後，必須嚴格執行手部衛生，以中斷傳播鏈，保護其他病人及醫護人員的安全，這項措施是感染控制中至關重要的一環。
Clostridioides difficile (C. diff) infection is a common and challenging healthcare-associated infection. Its unique feature is the ability to form spores, which are highly resistant and survive in the environment for long periods. Importantly, spores resist many common disinfectants and alcohol-based hand sanitizers. Therefore, preventing C. diff transmission depends on measures that physically remove spores. After caring for a C. diff client, the nurse must strictly perform hand hygiene with soap and water to interrupt transmission and protect other clients and staff.
在預防艱難梭菌（C. diff）感染傳播方面，台灣與美國的感染控制指引高度一致。兩地皆明確要求在照護C. diff病人後，醫護人員必須使用肥皂和清水洗手，而非僅依賴酒精性乾洗手液，因為芽孢對酒精具有抗性。環境清潔方面，兩地也強調使用含氯漂白水等對芽孢有效的消毒劑，以徹底清除環境中的病原體，確保環境清潔與消毒標準一致。