— 安全與感染控制 · EASY · MCQ —
護理師正在照護一名感染抗萬古黴素腸球菌(VRE)的病人。哪種防護措施最合適?
A nurse is caring for a client with Vancomycin-Resistant Enterococcus (VRE). Which precaution is most appropriate?
- AMaintain a distance of at least 3 feet without a mask.不戴口罩,保持至少 3 英尺的距離。
- BUse an N95 respirator and keep the door closed.使用 N95 呼吸器並關上門。
- CPlace the client in a private room and wear a gown and gloves.✓ 正解將病患安置於單獨病房,並穿著隔離衣和手套。
- DImplement protective isolation with positive pressure.實施帶有正壓的保護性隔離。
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
VRE 主要透過直接或間接接觸病人及其環境傳播,因此需要採取接觸隔離(Contact Precautions)。這包括將病人安置在單人房(或同病種隔離),護理師在進入病房時應穿戴手套與隔離衣。N95 用於空氣隔離,3 英呎距離用於飛沫隔離,正壓房用於保護免疫功能極度低下的病人。
Vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus (VRE) is transmitted via direct or indirect contact, necessitating contact precautions such as placing the client in a private room and wearing a gown and gloves. Airborne or droplet precautions are not required as VRE is not spread through the air or large respiratory droplets.
✦ 台美臨床差異
美國對 VRE 病房的環境清潔(Terminal cleaning)要求極高;台灣醫院在床位不足時常採取床邊接觸隔離。