— 安全與感染控制 · MEDIUM · SATA —
護理師觀察團隊成員是否符合感控標準，下列哪些行為需要介入？（選所有適合的）
A nurse is observing staff members to ensure compliance with infection control protocols. Which actions require intervention? (Select all that apply.)
- AWashing hands with soap and water after caring for a C. difficile patient照顧艰难梭菌（C. difficile）病人後用肥皂和水洗手
- BWearing artificial nails while providing direct patient care✓ 正解提供直接病人照護時佩戴人造指甲
- CRecapping a needle after administering an injection✓ 正解注射後將針頭蓋回
- DRecapping a needle after drawing blood✓ 正解採血後將針頭蓋回
- ERemoving gloves before touching clean surfaces觸碰清潔表面前脫除手套
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
人造指甲易藏污納垢且導致手部衛生失敗，臨床禁止使用。針頭蓋回（Recapping）是導致針扎意外的主因，現代醫療規範禁止此動作（除特定極少數情況外）。C. difficile 芽孢無法被酒精乾洗手殺死，必須使用肥皂洗手，故 A 是正確行為。
Intervention is required because artificial nails harbor pathogens and are prohibited in direct patient care areas. Additionally, recapping needles significantly increases the risk of accidental needlestick injuries and is strictly prohibited under standard safety protocols.
✦ 台美臨床差異
台灣臨床偶有護理人員習慣將針頭蓋回，但在評鑑要求下已嚴格禁止；美國則早已建立強制性的針扎預防規範。