— 健康促進與維護 · MEDIUM · MCQ —
護理師在社區進行皮膚癌一級預防衛教。下列哪項敘述是正確的？
A nurse is teaching a community group about primary prevention of skin cancer. Which statement by the nurse is accurate?
- AAvoid sun exposure during peak hours, 10 AM to 4 PM✓ 正解避開上午 10 點至下午 4 點的日照高峰時段
- BWear a hat only if you have a family history of skin cancer僅在有皮膚癌家族史時才戴帽子
- CUse sunscreen only when the sun is very bright僅在陽光強烈時使用防曬乳
- DTanning beds are safe if used for less than 15 minutes若使用時間少於 15 分鐘，美黑燈是安全的
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
皮膚癌的一級預防重點在於避免紫外線傷害。紫外線指數在上午 10 點至下午 4 點間最強，此時應避免暴露。防曬乳應每日使用（不論天氣），人工曬黑床（tanning beds）因含高能量 UVA 會大幅增加罹癌風險，必須嚴格禁止，與家族史無關。
Primary prevention of skin cancer focuses on avoiding UV damage. UV intensity is greatest between 10 AM and 4 PM, so sun exposure should be avoided then. Sunscreen should be used daily regardless of weather, and tanning beds emit high-intensity UVA that significantly increases cancer risk and must be avoided. Sun protection applies to everyone, not only those with a family history.
✦ 台美臨床差異
美國皮膚科醫學會極力宣導禁用曬黑機，台灣則因文化習慣，多數民眾對 UVA 的防護意識仍有待提升。