— 安全與感染控制 · EASY · MCQ —
護理師照護一位肺結核需採取空氣隔離的病人,進入病房時需穿戴何種防護裝備?
A nurse is caring for a client on airborne precautions for pulmonary tuberculosis. Which personal protective equipment (PPE) is required when entering the room?
- ASurgical mask and eye protection外科口罩與護目鏡
- BSurgical mask, gown, and gloves外科口罩、隔離衣與手套
- CN95 respirator, gown, and gloves✓ 正解N95 呼吸防護具、隔離衣與手套
- DFace shield, N95 respirator, and gown面罩、N95 呼吸防護具與隔離衣
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
肺結核(Pulmonary TB)是透過空氣飛沫核(Airborne droplet nuclei)傳播的疾病。護理師進入病房時必須執行空氣隔離防護(Airborne Precautions)。這要求配戴至少 N95 等級的呼吸防護具,以過濾小於 5 微米的微粒。同時,為符合標準防護(Standard Precautions),必須穿戴隔離衣與手套,以防止接觸病人的體液或帶菌環境。
Pulmonary tuberculosis requires airborne precautions, necessitating the use of an N95 respirator to filter small infectious particles. Standard precautions also require wearing a gown and gloves upon entry to protect against contact with bodily fluids or contaminated surfaces.
✦ 台美臨床差異
美國醫院對於空氣隔離病房的空氣交換率(Air exchange rate)與負壓監測有極嚴格的 OSHA 規範,且護理師進入前必須確保 N95 已完成密合度測試(Fit test)。