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安全與感染控制 · EASY · MCQ

護理師照護一位肺結核需採取空氣隔離的病人,進入病房時需穿戴何種防護裝備?

A nurse is caring for a client on airborne precautions for pulmonary tuberculosis. Which personal protective equipment (PPE) is required when entering the room?

  • ASurgical mask and eye protection
    外科口罩與護目鏡
  • BSurgical mask, gown, and gloves
    外科口罩、隔離衣與手套
  • CN95 respirator, gown, and gloves✓ 正解
    N95 呼吸防護具、隔離衣與手套
  • DFace shield, N95 respirator, and gown
    面罩、N95 呼吸防護具與隔離衣
Explanation · 中文詳解

肺結核(Pulmonary TB)是透過空氣飛沫核(Airborne droplet nuclei)傳播的疾病。護理師進入病房時必須執行空氣隔離防護(Airborne Precautions)。這要求配戴至少 N95 等級的呼吸防護具,以過濾小於 5 微米的微粒。同時,為符合標準防護(Standard Precautions),必須穿戴隔離衣與手套,以防止接觸病人的體液或帶菌環境。

Pulmonary tuberculosis requires airborne precautions, necessitating the use of an N95 respirator to filter small infectious particles. Standard precautions also require wearing a gown and gloves upon entry to protect against contact with bodily fluids or contaminated surfaces.

✦ 台美臨床差異

美國醫院對於空氣隔離病房的空氣交換率(Air exchange rate)與負壓監測有極嚴格的 OSHA 規範,且護理師進入前必須確保 N95 已完成密合度測試(Fit test)。

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