— 健康促進與維護 · MEDIUM · SATA —
下列何者是糖尿病的二級預防策略？（選所有適合的）
Which of the following interventions are secondary prevention strategies for diabetes? (Select all that apply.)
- ABlood glucose screening for high-risk individuals✓ 正解對高風險族群進行血糖篩檢
- BFoot care education for diabetic patients對糖尿病患者進行足部護理衛教
- CAnnual retinal exams for patients with diabetes✓ 正解對糖尿病患者進行年度視網膜檢查
- DHealthy diet education for the general population對大眾進行健康飲食衛教
- EPrescribing insulin for glycemic control開立胰島素以控制血糖
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
糖尿病的二級預防重點在於篩檢與早期併發症偵測。血糖篩檢能及早發現高血糖狀態並介入；年度視網膜檢查則是為了早期發現糖尿病視網膜病變，這類病變在初期往往無症狀。其他選項中，飲食教育屬一級預防，而足部護理與胰島素治療則屬於三級預防，因為這些措施是在疾病已確診的情況下，為了控制病程進展、預防併發症惡化而執行的治療與護理。
Secondary prevention for diabetes focuses on early detection and screening to identify the disease or its complications before symptoms become severe. Blood glucose screening helps diagnose undiagnosed diabetes, while annual retinal exams detect early microvascular damage. In contrast, diet education is primary prevention, and foot care or insulin therapy are tertiary prevention strategies for managing established disease.