— 健康促進與維護 · MEDIUM · SATA —
護理師教導個案防曬。下列哪些行動是建議的？（選所有適合的）
A nurse is teaching a client about sun protection. Which actions are recommended? (Select all that apply.)
- AApply sunscreen with SPF 15 or higher✓ 正解塗抹 SPF 15 或更高的防曬乳
- BWear sunglasses that block 99-100% of UV rays✓ 正解佩戴能阻擋 99-100% 紫外線的太陽眼鏡
- CApply sunscreen only once in the morning僅在早上塗抹一次防曬乳
- DWear protective clothing during outdoor activities✓ 正解戶外活動時穿著防護衣物
- EAvoid sun exposure during peak hours✓ 正解避開日照最強烈的時段外出
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
防曬衛教旨在預防紫外線（UV）造成的皮膚損傷及長期癌變風險。護理師應指導個案綜合運用物理性與化學性防護措施。SPF 15 以上可阻隔大部分 UVB，而抗 UV 太陽眼鏡能保護眼部免受白內障或視網膜損傷。此外，避免在紫外線最強的上午 10 點至下午 4 點暴露於陽光下，並穿著防護性衣物，是降低皮膚風險的重要臨床策略。
Sun-protection teaching aims to prevent UV-related skin damage and long-term cancer risk. The nurse should teach a combination of physical and chemical protection. SPF 15 or higher blocks most UVB, while UV-blocking sunglasses protect the eyes from cataracts and retinal damage. Avoiding peak UV exposure between 10 AM and 4 PM and wearing protective clothing are important strategies to reduce skin risk.