— 健康促進與維護 · HARD · MCQ —
嬰兒的哪項評估結果代表可能出現發展遲緩？
Which assessment finding in an infant indicates a potential developmental delay?
- APicks up small objects by 9 months9 個月大時能撿起細小物品
- BSits without support by 7 months7 個月大時能不需支撐坐穩
- CDoes not smile at people by 3 months✓ 正解3 個月大時不對人微笑
- DRolls over by 4 months4 個月大時能翻身
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
嬰兒的發展里程碑評估是兒科護理檢查的核心。社會性微笑（Social smile）通常在 2 個月左右出現，若 3 個月大仍無法對人產生社會性微笑，即為神經或心理發展遲緩的警訊，需進一步評估。其餘選項皆為正常的粗動作與細動作進程：4 個月翻身、7 個月坐穩、9 個月發展出抓握（Pincer grasp）能力。在臨床思路中，優先關注社交與神經發展的滯後。
The absence of social smiling by three months is a significant red flag for potential developmental delay, as this milestone typically emerges around two months of age. While other options represent normal motor development timelines, delayed social interaction warrants further neurological and psychological evaluation.