— 基本照護與舒適 · EASY · SATA —
護理師教導病人預防便秘。應推薦哪些措施？（選所有適合的）
A nurse is educating a client on preventing constipation. Which interventions should be recommended? (Select all that apply.)
- AIncrease dietary fiber intake✓ 正解增加膳食纖維攝取
- BMaintain a regular exercise routine✓ 正解維持規律運動習慣
- CDrink at least 2 liters of water daily✓ 正解每日飲水至少2公升
- DTake a daily stimulant laxative每日服用刺激性瀉藥
- EEstablish a consistent bowel time✓ 正解建立固定的排便時間
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
預防便秘需要多管齊下，包含飲食、運動與生活習慣調整。增加纖維能增加糞便體積，充足水分是纖維發揮作用的必要條件，規則運動能促進腸道蠕動，而建立規律的排便習慣（如飯後或固定時間）則能利用胃結腸反射（gastrocolic reflex）促進排便。刺激性瀉藥僅能短期使用，長期依賴會導致腸道蠕動功能退化，不應作為預防手段。
Preventing constipation involves increasing dietary fiber to add bulk, maintaining adequate fluid intake to soften stools, and engaging in regular physical activity to stimulate peristalsis. Establishing a consistent bowel routine leverages physiological reflexes like the gastrocolic response. Stimulant laxatives should be avoided for prophylaxis as they can lead to dependency and impaired bowel function.