— 基本照護與舒適 · MEDIUM · SATA —
護理師照護一位失眠的病人，護理計畫應包含哪些措施？（選所有適合的）
A nurse is caring for a client experiencing insomnia. Which interventions should the nurse include in the care plan? (Select all that apply.)
- AMaintain a consistent sleep-wake schedule✓ 正解維持一致的睡眠-清醒週期
- BEncourage daytime naps to compensate for lost sleep鼓勵白天午睡以補償睡眠不足
- CLimit caffeine intake to mornings only✓ 正解僅在早晨限制咖啡因攝取
- DEstablish a relaxing bedtime routine✓ 正解建立放鬆的就寢常規
- EIncrease physical exercise right before bedtime在睡前增加體育運動
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
失眠的護理核心為建立良好的睡眠衛生（Sleep Hygiene）。生理時鐘的調控依賴規律的作息與環境暗示。限制干擾睡眠的物質（如咖啡因）與建立放鬆機制能降低交感神經活性，幫助病人進入放鬆狀態。白天午睡會消耗睡眠驅動力（Sleep Drive），導致夜間入睡困難，而睡前劇烈運動則會因體溫上升與交感興奮阻礙入睡。
Establishing a consistent sleep-wake schedule and a relaxing bedtime routine helps regulate the circadian rhythm and signals the body to prepare for sleep. Limiting caffeine to mornings prevents its stimulating effects from interfering with nighttime rest. Conversely, daytime naps reduce sleep drive for the following night, and vigorous exercise before bed increases alertness and body temperature, both of which hinder sleep onset.