— 照護管理 · MEDIUM · MCQ —
一位護理師正在接收入院診斷為嚴重肺炎的病人。需要哪種隔離措施？
A nurse is admitting a client diagnosed with severe pneumonia. Which isolation precaution is required?
- AContact precautions接觸隔離
- BStandard precautions only僅標準隔離
- CDroplet precautions✓ 正解飛沫隔離
- DAirborne precautions空氣隔離
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
肺炎的傳播方式取決於病原體，但臨床上對於嚴重肺炎的收治，飛沫隔離（Droplet precautions）是標準且必要的預防措施。飛沫傳播是指病原體透過咳嗽、打噴嚏或說話時產生的較大顆粒傳播，病人需安置於單人房或採取同類病人分流，護理師進入時需配戴外科口罩。此措施能有效阻斷病原體在醫療環境中的擴散。
Droplet precautions are required for clients with severe pneumonia because many common bacterial and viral causes are transmitted via large respiratory droplets produced during coughing or sneezing. This precaution involves placing the client in a private room or cohorting them with similar patients, and healthcare providers must wear a surgical mask upon entry to prevent transmission.