— 健康促進與維護 · MEDIUM · SATA —
護理師針對 72 歲髖關節置換術後個案進行出院衛教，應建議避免哪些活動以預防脫位？（選所有適合的）
A nurse is providing discharge instructions to a 72-year-old client who has had a total hip arthroplasty. Which activities should be avoided to prevent hip dislocation? (Select all that apply.)
- ABending the hips beyond 90 degrees✓ 正解髖關節彎曲超過90度。
- BCrossing the legs while sitting or lying down✓ 正解坐著或躺著時交叉雙腿。
- CUsing a raised toilet seat使用加高的馬桶座墊。
- DTurning the operated leg inward✓ 正解將手術側的腿向內轉。
- ESleeping with an abduction pillow between the legs雙腿之間夾著外展枕睡覺。
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
髖關節置換術後預防脫位的黃金法則為「防屈、防內收、防內轉」。髖關節彎曲超過 90 度（如低椅子）、交叉雙腿（內收）以及腿部內轉皆會導致人工關節頭脫出。選項 C（加高馬桶）與 E（外展枕）是保護措施，應持續使用，而非避免。
To prevent hip dislocation after total hip arthroplasty, clients should avoid bending the hip beyond 90 degrees, crossing the legs (adduction), and turning the operated leg inward (internal rotation). Using a raised toilet seat and sleeping with an abduction pillow are protective measures that should be continued, not avoided.
✦ 台美臨床差異
美國有專門的居家治療計畫（Home Health），台灣則多仰賴術後輔具租賃與家屬照護訓練。