— 健康促進與維護 · MEDIUM · SATA —
護理師舉辦社區工作坊教導皮膚癌預防。下列哪些建議適合參與者？（選所有適合的）
A nurse is conducting a community workshop on skin cancer prevention. Which recommendations are appropriate for the participants? (Select all that apply.)
- AApply broad-spectrum sunscreen with SPF 30 or higher✓ 正解塗抹SPF 30或以上的廣譜防曬乳
- BAvoid sun exposure between 10 AM and 4 PM✓ 正解避免在上午10點至下午4點之間曝曬陽光
- CWear protective clothing and hats when outdoors✓ 正解在戶外時穿著防護衣物和帽子
- DUse tanning beds for a safe base tan使用美黑床獲得安全的基礎膚色
- EExamine skin monthly for new or changing moles✓ 正解每月檢查皮膚是否有新生或變化的痣
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
預防皮膚癌重點在於減少紫外線暴露，包括使用廣譜防曬乳、避開中午強烈日光、穿著遮陽衣物及定期自我檢查。助曬床（tanning beds）會釋放大量 UVA，增加罹癌風險，絕對不建議使用。自我檢查應遵循 ABCDE 原則，關注痣的形狀、顏色或邊緣變化。
Skin cancer prevention focuses on reducing UV exposure: broad-spectrum sunscreen (SPF 30+), avoiding midday sun (10 AM–4 PM), wearing protective clothing and hats, and monthly skin self-exams using the ABCDE rule (asymmetry, border, color, diameter, evolving). Tanning beds emit significant UVA and are strongly linked to skin cancer—they should never be recommended.
✦ 台美臨床差異
美國醫界對使用助曬床有強烈警告；台灣則因文化因素較少助曬，主要防曬議題在於防護美白。