— 健康促進與維護 · EASY · MCQ —
一名 55 歲女性諮詢乳癌篩檢建議。根據現行指南，護理師應提供什麼建議？
A 55-year-old female requests information about breast cancer screening. According to current guidelines, what should the nurse recommend?
- AClinical breast exams every month每月進行臨床乳房檢查
- BMagnetic resonance imaging (MRI) every year每年進行磁振造影（MRI）
- CBreast self-examination every week每週進行乳房自我檢查
- DMammograms every 2 years from age 50 to 74✓ 正解50 至 74 歲期間每兩年進行一次乳房攝影
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
針對 50 至 74 歲女性，美國預防服務工作小組建議每兩年進行一次乳房攝影，以早期發現病灶並降低死亡率。臨床乳房檢查與自我檢查在降低死亡率的實證證據較弱，不再被列為常規篩檢建議。MRI 僅針對高危險群，非一般大眾建議。
The U.S. Preventive Services Task Force recommends biennial mammography screening for women aged 50 to 74 to detect breast cancer early and reduce mortality. Routine clinical breast exams and self-examinations are no longer standard recommendations due to insufficient evidence of mortality reduction. Magnetic resonance imaging is reserved for high-risk patients rather than general screening.
✦ 台美臨床差異
美國乳癌篩檢從 50 歲起較普遍；台灣受限於國健署政策，提供 45-69 歲婦女每兩年一次免費乳房攝影。