— 安全與感染控制 · MEDIUM · MCQ —
下列哪項動作最能有效降低醫療照護相關感染(HAIs)的發生率?
Which of the following actions best reduces the incidence of healthcare-associated infections (HAIs)?
- ALimiting the use of personal electronic devices限制個人電子設備的使用
- BAdherence to hand hygiene protocols✓ 正解遵守手部衛生規範
- CUsing prophylactic antibiotics for all patients為所有病人使用預防性抗生素
- DIncreasing the frequency of cleaning hospital floors增加醫院地板清潔頻率
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
醫療照護相關感染(HAIs)的預防是 NCLEX 考試中的極高頻率考點。手部衛生(Hand Hygiene)被公認為預防病原體傳播最簡單、最有效且成本最低的措施。透過徹底執行洗手或使用含酒精乾洗手液,能有效阻斷病原體在醫護人員與病人之間的交叉污染。臨床思路需優先考慮「預防勝於治療」,並遵循標準防護措施(Standard Precautions)。
Adherence to hand hygiene protocols is the single most effective and cost-efficient measure to reduce healthcare-associated infections. Proper handwashing or use of alcohol-based sanitizers interrupts the transmission of pathogens between healthcare workers and patients.
✦ 台美臨床差異
美國醫院對於手部衛生的稽核(Audit)非常嚴格,通常設有專職感控護理師(Infection Control Nurse)進行即時監測,且對於未落實者會給予立即回饋。