— 安全與感染控制 · EASY · MCQ —
一位病人懷疑患有肺結核，護理師應採取哪種隔離防護措施？
A client is diagnosed with suspected tuberculosis. Which isolation precautions should the nurse initiate?
- AContact precautions接觸隔離
- BStandard precautions標準隔離
- CDroplet precautions飛沫隔離
- DAirborne precautions✓ 正解空氣隔離
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
結核病（TB）透過飛沫核傳播，傳染性極強且可長時間懸浮於空氣中。護理師必須啟動空氣隔離措施（Airborne Precautions），包括讓病人住入負壓隔離病房（AIIR），並要求護理人員配戴 N95 口罩。一般飛沫或接觸隔離無法阻絕結核桿菌。
The nurse should initiate airborne precautions for a client with suspected tuberculosis, which includes placing the client in a negative-pressure isolation room and requiring staff to wear N95 respirators. This is necessary because Mycobacterium tuberculosis is transmitted via airborne droplet nuclei that can remain suspended in the air for extended periods.
✦ 台美臨床差異
台美針對結核病的隔離規範高度一致，皆要求負壓室與 N95。