— 生理適應 · MEDIUM · SATA —
一位高血鉀病人,護理師預期心電圖會出現哪些變化?(複選題)
A nurse is caring for a client with hyperkalemia. Which findings should the nurse expect on the ECG? (Select all that apply.)
- ATall, peaked T waves✓ 正解高聳、尖銳的 T 波
- BWidened QRS complex✓ 正解QRS 波群變寬
- CProlonged ST segmentST 段延長
- DAbsent P waves✓ 正解P 波消失
- EShortened QT intervalQT 間期縮短
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
高血鉀會影響心肌去極化與再極化過程。初期會出現 T 波高聳(Peaked T waves),隨嚴重度增加,P 波會變平甚至消失,QRS 波群則會變寬。ST 段延長常見於低血鈣,QT 間期縮短通常與高血鈣有關,而非高血鉀的典型特徵。
Hyperkalemia affects myocardial depolarization and repolarization, leading to characteristic ECG changes such as tall, peaked T waves, widened QRS complexes, and eventually absent or flattened P waves. These findings reflect impaired ventricular conduction and slowed atrial activity due to elevated serum potassium levels.
✦ 台美臨床差異
台美護理師皆需具備判讀心電圖基礎異常的能力,美方對 Critical Value 的通報流程更具規範性與自動化。