— 基本照護與舒適 · HARD · SATA —
護理師為一位末期癌症且患有慢性疼痛的病人制訂照護計畫，應包含哪些措施？（選所有適合的）
A nurse is creating a plan of care for a client with terminal cancer experiencing chronic pain. Which interventions should be included? (Select all that apply.)
- AAdminister pain medication on a scheduled basis✓ 正解按時程規律給予止痛藥物
- BAssess pain level only when the client complains僅在病人主訴疼痛時評估疼痛程度
- CImplement non-pharmacological therapies such as music or massage✓ 正解實施非藥物療法，如音樂或按摩
- DAvoid using opioids to prevent addiction避免使用鴉片類藥物以防成癮
- EFocus on alleviating pain to improve quality of life✓ 正解著重於緩解疼痛以改善生活品質
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
末期癌症病人的照護核心在於「症狀控制」與「生活品質提升」。疼痛管理應採取預防性策略而非反應性策略。透過規律給藥（Scheduled basis）維持血中藥物濃度，可預防突破性疼痛的發生。非藥物治療如音樂、按摩能降低病人的焦慮與對疼痛的感知。在末期照護中，緩解疼痛是優先任務，不應因擔心藥物成癮而限制止痛藥的使用，因為病人的舒適感與生活品質遠比潛在成癮風險更為重要。
Palliative care for terminal cancer focuses on symptom control and quality of life rather than curative treatment. Scheduled pain medication maintains therapeutic blood levels to prevent breakthrough pain, while non-pharmacological therapies like music or massage provide additional comfort. Opioids should not be withheld due to addiction concerns, as pain relief is the priority in end-of-life care.