— 心理社會完整性 · MEDIUM · MCQ —
護理師評估一位青少年的心理狀態。何種發現暗示該個案出現與憂鬱相關的社交退縮？
A nurse is conducting a psychosocial assessment of an adolescent client. Which finding suggests the client is experiencing signs of social withdrawal associated with depression?
- AThe client spends hours texting friends on social media.病患花數小時在社群媒體上與朋友傳訊。
- BThe client expresses interest in joining a new school club.病患表達有興趣參加學校的新社團。
- CThe client reports a decline in academic performance.病患報告學業成績下滑。
- DThe client prefers to stay in the room rather than socialize with peers.✓ 正解病患偏好待在房間內，而不願與同儕社交。
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
社交退縮的定義為個案選擇孤立自己，拒絕與同儕互動。選項 D 直接描述了個案避免社交活動的情況，這是憂鬱在青少年時期的常見表現。其他選項：B 表現積極興趣，C 雖然與憂鬱相關但非社交退縮，A 仍與外界保持數位連結。
Social withdrawal in adolescents with depression is characterized by choosing isolation over peer interaction, such as preferring to stay in their room. While academic decline is a symptom of depression, it does not specifically indicate social withdrawal, whereas maintaining digital contact or showing interest in new activities suggests continued social engagement.
✦ 台美臨床差異
台灣青少年傾向於課業壓力導致的社會退縮，美國則更多關注霸凌與社交排擠造成的退縮，護理評估焦點略有不同。