一位急性胰臟炎病患主訴劇烈腹痛。根據此疾病的病理生理變化，護理師預期會發現下列哪項檢驗數據異常？
A client with acute pancreatitis presents with severe abdominal pain. Which laboratory finding would the nurse expect to find based on the physiological changes of this condition?
- ADecreased white blood cell count白血球計數降低
- BElevated serum lipase✓ 正解血清脂肪酶升高
- CDecreased serum amylase血清澱粉酶降低
- DElevated serum calcium血清鈣質升高
急性胰臟炎源於胰臟酵素過早活化，導致胰臟組織自體消化。脂肪酶（Lipase）是診斷急性胰臟炎最具特異性的酵素，其濃度會在病發後迅速上升並持續數天。澱粉酶通常會上升而非下降；病患常伴隨低血鈣而非高血鈣，且白血球數通常會因發炎反應而上升。
Serum lipase is the most specific diagnostic indicator for acute pancreatitis, as levels rise significantly due to enzyme leakage from inflamed pancreatic tissue. While amylase also increases, lipase remains elevated longer and is more specific to pancreatic injury. Other expected findings include leukocytosis from inflammation and hypocalcemia, rather than hypercalcemia or decreased white blood cell counts.
美台兩地診斷指引相似，皆以脂肪酶為主要指標，唯台灣健保給付規定下，有時會同時檢測澱粉酶以增加敏感度。