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生理適應 · HARD · MCQ

慢性腎臟病病人血鉀值為 6.5 mEq/L。護理師應監測何種心電圖變化?

A client with chronic kidney disease has a potassium level of 6.5 mEq/L. Which ECG change should the nurse monitor for?

  • AFlattened T waves
    T 波平坦化
  • BProlonged QT interval
    QT 間期延長
  • CU waves
    U 波
  • DTall, peaked T waves✓ 正解
    高聳、尖銳的 T 波
Explanation · 中文詳解

高血鉀(Hyperkalemia)會導致心肌細胞膜電位改變。心電圖常見變化包括:高聳 T 波(Tall, peaked T waves)、PR 間期延長、QRS 波變寬,甚至出現心室顫動。U 波與 T 波平坦化則是低血鉀的特徵。

Hyperkalemia alters myocardial cell membrane potentials, leading to characteristic electrocardiogram changes such as tall, peaked T waves, prolonged PR intervals, and widened QRS complexes. While flattened T waves and U waves are signs of hypokalemia, tall peaked T waves are the hallmark early indicator of elevated potassium levels.

✦ 台美臨床差異

美國急診與 ICU 護理師需具備快速辨識心律判讀能力,台灣護理師亦同,但針對高血鉀的處理流程更強調跨團隊即時回報。

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