— 生理適應 · HARD · MCQ —
慢性腎臟病病人血鉀值為 6.5 mEq/L。護理師應監測何種心電圖變化?
A client with chronic kidney disease has a potassium level of 6.5 mEq/L. Which ECG change should the nurse monitor for?
- AFlattened T wavesT 波平坦化
- BProlonged QT intervalQT 間期延長
- CU wavesU 波
- DTall, peaked T waves✓ 正解高聳、尖銳的 T 波
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
高血鉀(Hyperkalemia)會導致心肌細胞膜電位改變。心電圖常見變化包括:高聳 T 波(Tall, peaked T waves)、PR 間期延長、QRS 波變寬,甚至出現心室顫動。U 波與 T 波平坦化則是低血鉀的特徵。
Hyperkalemia alters myocardial cell membrane potentials, leading to characteristic electrocardiogram changes such as tall, peaked T waves, prolonged PR intervals, and widened QRS complexes. While flattened T waves and U waves are signs of hypokalemia, tall peaked T waves are the hallmark early indicator of elevated potassium levels.
✦ 台美臨床差異
美國急診與 ICU 護理師需具備快速辨識心律判讀能力,台灣護理師亦同,但針對高血鉀的處理流程更強調跨團隊即時回報。