— 健康促進與維護 · MEDIUM · SATA —
護理師教導社區群體，下列哪些屬於癌症的次級預防？（選所有適合的）
A nurse is teaching a community class. Which of the following is an example of secondary prevention for cancer? (Select all that apply.)
- AColonoscopy✓ 正解大腸鏡檢查
- BSelf-breast examination✓ 正解乳房自我檢查
- CPap smear✓ 正解子宫颈抹片檢查
- DSmoking cessation戒菸
- ERegular sunscreen use定期使用防曬乳
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
癌症的次級預防（Secondary prevention）的核心是「篩檢與早期發現」，旨在於疾病尚無症狀時即偵測出來，以提高治療成功率。大腸鏡（Colonoscopy）篩檢息肉與早期病灶、自我乳房檢查（Self-breast examination）與抹片檢查（Pap smear）皆是臨床公認的癌症早期偵測工具。戒菸（Smoking cessation）與防曬（Sunscreen）則屬於初級預防，目的在於阻斷致癌因子，防止癌症發生。
Secondary prevention for cancer focuses on early detection through screening methods like colonoscopy, self-breast examinations, and Pap smears. These interventions aim to identify disease or precancerous changes before symptoms appear, whereas smoking cessation and sunscreen use are primary prevention strategies.