— 健康促進與維護 · MEDIUM · SATA —
護理師指導一位個案關於中風的可改變危險因子。應討論哪些因素？（選所有適合的）
A nurse is teaching a client about modifiable risk factors for stroke. Which factors should be addressed? (Select all that apply.)
- AHypertension management✓ 正解高血壓管理
- BSmoking cessation✓ 正解戒菸
- CIncreasing daily salt intake增加每日鹽分攝取
- DBlood glucose control✓ 正解血糖控制
- EPhysical inactivity✓ 正解缺乏體力活動
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
中風的可改變危險因子（Modifiable risk factors）主要集中在代謝與血管健康管理。高血壓是中風最直接的危險因子，必須透過藥物與生活型態嚴格控制。吸菸會導致血管收縮與內皮細胞損傷，增加血栓風險。血糖控制能降低大血管與小血管病變，而規律運動則能改善血管彈性並控制體重。臨床上，護理師需與病患合作，將這些因子列入護理計畫中進行監測。
Modifiable risk factors for stroke include hypertension, smoking, diabetes, and physical inactivity. Managing blood pressure significantly reduces stroke risk, while smoking cessation prevents vascular damage and clot formation. Proper blood glucose control and regular exercise help maintain vascular health and reduce overall cardiovascular risk.