— 安全與感染控制 · MEDIUM · MCQ —
護理師照護一位困難梭狀桿菌（C. diff）感染的病人，必須執行哪些防護措施？
A nurse is caring for a client with Clostridium difficile (C. diff). Which precautions must the nurse implement?
- AUse alcohol-based hand sanitizer after contact接觸後使用酒精性乾洗手
- BWear a surgical mask at all times隨時佩戴外科口罩
- CUse airborne precautions使用空氣隔離措施
- DPerform soap and water handwashing✓ 正解進行肥皂和水洗手
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
困難梭狀桿菌（C. difficile）會產生具高度抵抗力的孢子（spores），這些孢子對酒精類乾洗手液（alcohol-based hand sanitizer）具有抗性，無法被殺滅。因此，接觸此類病人後，必須使用肥皂與流動清水進行物理性洗手，透過機械摩擦與沖洗來移除孢子。此為接觸隔離（Contact Precautions）的核心要求，以防止交叉感染。
Clostridium difficile produces spores that are resistant to alcohol-based hand sanitizers, making mechanical removal necessary. Nurses must perform soap and water handwashing after contact with these clients to physically wash away spores and prevent cross-contamination, which is a core requirement of Contact Precautions.
✦ 台美臨床差異
在美國臨床環境中，C. diff 隔離病房內通常會直接張貼「Soap and Water Only」警示，嚴格禁止進入者使用酒精乾洗手，這點與台灣臨床執行標準一致。