— 生理適應 · EASY · MCQ —
一位病人出現體液負荷過重跡象。護理師應預期採取哪項介入措施？
A client presents with signs of fluid volume overload. Which intervention should the nurse anticipate?
- AAdminister a loop diuretic✓ 正解給予環型利尿劑
- BAdminister intravenous isotonic saline給予靜脈注射等張鹽水
- CIncrease oral fluid intake增加口服液體攝取量
- DInitiate blood transfusion開始輸血
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
體液負荷過重會造成水腫與肺部囉音，臨床治療重點在於移除過多液體。Loop 利尿劑如 Furosemide 可促進腎臟排出水分與電解質，達到減輕循環血量的效果。其餘選項皆會加重體液負荷或無助於緩解症狀。
Fluid volume overload is managed by promoting the excretion of excess fluid through the administration of loop diuretics, which reduce edema and hypertension. Interventions that increase fluid intake or administer additional intravenous fluids would exacerbate the condition and are contraindicated.
✦ 台美臨床差異
在台灣，利尿劑給予通常需由醫師開立，護理師需監測劑量後的尿量與電解質變化。