— 藥理與非經腸給藥 · MEDIUM · SATA —
護理師照顧使用靜脈注射萬古黴素（Vancomycin）的病人。下列哪些症狀提示可能出現紅人症候群（Red Man Syndrome）？（選所有適合的）
A nurse is caring for a client receiving IV Vancomycin. Which symptoms should the nurse report to the physician as potential signs of Red Man Syndrome? (Select all that apply.)
- AHypotension✓ 正解低血壓
- BFlushing of the face and neck✓ 正解臉部與頸部潮紅
- CWheezing and dyspnea喘鳴與呼吸困難
- DPruritus on the upper body✓ 正解上半身搔癢
- ERash on the chest and back✓ 正解胸部與背部皮疹
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
紅人症候群是由於萬古黴素輸注速度過快引起的組胺釋放反應。典型表現包括頸部、臉部、胸部潮紅、搔癢及皮疹，嚴重時可伴隨低血壓。C（喘鳴與呼吸困難）屬於過敏性休克（Anaphylaxis）徵象，並非紅人症候群的典型特徵，需立即區分。
Red Man Syndrome is characterized by flushing, pruritus, and rash on the upper body, often accompanied by hypotension due to rapid histamine release. Symptoms such as wheezing and dyspnea indicate anaphylaxis rather than Red Man Syndrome and require immediate differentiation and intervention.
✦ 台美臨床差異
兩地均強調此藥物需緩慢輸注，但台灣常會同時使用抗組織胺前置處置。