— 健康促進與維護 · HARD · SATA —
護理師教導社區居民預防西尼羅病毒。哪些資訊是正確的？（選所有適合的）
A nurse is teaching a community group about the prevention of West Nile virus. What information is accurate? (Select all that apply.)
- AWear long-sleeved shirts and long pants during dawn and dusk✓ 正解在黎明與黃昏時節穿著長袖上衣及長褲
- BUse insect repellent containing DEET✓ 正解使用含有避蚊胺（DEET）的驅蚊劑
- CEliminate standing water around the home✓ 正解清除住宅周圍的積水
- DInstall or repair window screens✓ 正解安裝或修補窗戶紗網
- EApply sunscreen to repel mosquitoes塗抹防曬乳以驅趕蚊子
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
西尼羅病毒（West Nile virus）主要透過蚊子叮咬傳播，預防策略的核心在於減少暴露風險與阻斷蚊蟲孳生。護理師應教導居民採取物理性防護（衣物遮蔽、紗窗）及化學性驅避（DEET），並強調環境管理的重要性。臨床上，預防勝於治療，特別是針對高風險族群如老年人或免疫功能低下者，社區教育應著重於環境衛生與個人保護措施的落實。
Prevention of West Nile virus focuses on reducing mosquito exposure and eliminating breeding sites. Clients should wear long sleeves and pants during peak mosquito activity times and use repellents containing DEET. Environmental controls, such as installing window screens and removing standing water, are critical to interrupting the transmission cycle.