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藥理與非經腸給藥 · HARD · MCQ

護理師檢視青光眼病人的藥物。哪項醫囑應向醫師確認?

The nurse is reviewing the medications for a client with glaucoma. Which prescription should the nurse clarify with the provider?

  • ATimolol eye drops
    Timolol 眼藥水
  • BPilocarpine eye drops
    Pilocarpine 眼藥水
  • CAtropine sulfate ophthalmic✓ 正解
    Atropine sulfate 眼科用藥
  • DAcetazolamide PO
    Acetazolamide 口服
Explanation · 中文詳解

青光眼(Glaucoma)是一種眼部疾病,其特徵是眼內壓(Intraocular Pressure, IOP)升高,若不加以控制,可能導致視神經損傷和永久性失明。青光眼的治療目標是降低眼內壓,通常透過減少房水(Aqueous Humor)生成或增加房水排出。因此,對於青光眼病人,任何可能導致眼內壓升高的藥物都是禁忌或需要謹慎使用的。 護理師在檢視青光眼病人的藥物醫囑時,必須特別警惕那些具有散瞳作用(Mydriatic Effect)的藥物,因為它們可能導致瞳孔擴大,進而阻塞房水排出的通道,尤其是在閉角型青光眼(Angle-Closure Glaucoma)病人中,這會引發急性青光眼發作,造成視力急劇下降。因此,護理師的專業判斷和對藥物作用機轉的深入理解,對於確保病人用藥安全至關重要。

Atropine sulfate is an anticholinergic agent that causes pupil dilation, which can obstruct the drainage of aqueous humor and significantly increase intraocular pressure. Because this effect can precipitate an acute attack of angle-closure glaucoma, it is contraindicated for clients with this condition and requires clarification with the provider.

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