NurslixJournal
健康促進與維護 · EASY · MCQ

護理師正為一名懷孕 12 週的個案進行衛教。為了預防神經管缺陷,應強調哪項營養指導?

The nurse is providing education to a pregnant client at 12 weeks gestation. Which nutritional instruction should be emphasized to prevent neural tube defects?

  • ALimit protein intake to avoid excessive weight gain
    限制蛋白質攝取以避免體重過度增加
  • BIncrease calcium intake to 1,500 mg per day
    每日增加鈣質攝取至 1,500 mg
  • CIncrease intake of Vitamin C through citrus fruits
    透過柑橘類水果增加維生素 C 攝取
  • DEnsure adequate daily intake of 400 to 800 mcg of folic acid✓ 正解
    確保每日攝取 400 至 800 mcg 的葉酸
Explanation · 中文詳解

預防神經管缺陷(NTDs)的核心概念在於葉酸(Folic acid)的補充。雖然 12 週時神經管已閉合,但持續補充葉酸仍對細胞分裂與母體健康有益,且考試常考孕前至孕初期的關鍵補充。正確答案 D 提到每日 400-800 mcg,這是標準建議量。選項 C(維生素 C)主要輔助膠原蛋白合成與免疫,非神經管關鍵。選項 B(鈣質 1500mg)過高,孕期建議量通常在 1000-1300mg 之間。選項 A(限制蛋白質)是錯誤的,孕期需要足夠蛋白質來支持胎兒組織發育。臨床安全原則指出,護理師應在育齡婦女計畫懷孕時就開始宣導葉酸,而非等到懷孕才開始,因為神經管在受孕後 3-4 週就已閉合。

Adequate daily intake of 400 to 800 mcg of folic acid is the most effective primary prevention strategy for neural tube defects, even though neural tube closure occurs early in gestation. Other nutrients like protein, calcium, and vitamin C support general health but do not specifically prevent these congenital anomalies.

✦ 台美臨床差異

美國許多穀類食品(穀片、麵粉)依規定強制添加葉酸(fortified);台灣則主要依賴藥品或營養補充品。護理師在台灣需更強調透過深綠色蔬菜或補充錠劑獲取葉酸。

Related · 同分類的其他題目

More from Health Promotion & Maintenance

瀏覽全部 1,479 題 健康促進與維護 →
Jump to another chapter