— 健康促進與維護 · EASY · MCQ —
一位 55 歲個案諮詢護理師關於大腸癌篩檢的建議頻率。護理師應提供何種正確資訊？
A 55-year-old client asks the nurse about the recommended frequency for colorectal cancer screening. Which information is appropriate for the nurse to provide?
- AAnnual digital rectal examination starting at age 50年滿 50 歲起每年進行數位直腸檢查
- BFecal immunochemical test every 5 years每 5 年進行一次糞便免疫化學檢測
- CBarium enema study every 3 years每 3 年進行一次鋇劑灌腸檢查
- DColonoscopy every 10 years beginning at age 45✓ 正解年滿 45 歲起每 10 年進行一次大腸鏡檢查
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
美國癌症協會與相關指引建議，大腸癌篩檢應從 45 歲開始，若選擇大腸鏡檢查，標準頻率為每十年一次。選項 A 並非大腸癌首選篩檢工具；選項 B 的糞便免疫化學檢查應為每年一次；選項 C 的鋇劑灌腸現已非推薦的主流篩檢方式。
Current guidelines recommend initiating colorectal cancer screening at age 45 with a colonoscopy every 10 years for average-risk individuals. Other methods like fecal immunochemical testing are performed annually, while barium enemas are no longer standard for routine screening.
✦ 台美臨床差異
美國建議從 45 歲開始篩檢；台灣國民健康署提供 50-74 歲民眾每兩年一次免費糞便潛血檢查。