— 安全與感染控制 · EASY · MCQ —
護理師照顧一位患有困難梭狀芽孢桿菌（C. diff）感染的病人。下列哪項護理措施符合感染控制原則？
A nurse is caring for a client with a history of Clostridioides difficile infection. Which action by the nurse is appropriate for infection control?
- AUse an alcohol-based hand rub after patient care在病人照護後使用酒精性乾洗手
- BPerform hand hygiene using soap and water✓ 正解使用肥皂和水進行手部衛生
- CRestrict all visitors from the room禁止所有訪客進入病房
- DWear a N95 respirator when entering the room進入病房時佩戴 N95 呼吸防護具
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
困難梭狀芽孢桿菌（C. diff）具有產芽孢（spore-forming）的特性，這些芽孢對酒精乾洗手液（alcohol-based hand rub）具有高度抵抗力。因此，接觸過該類病人後，酒精無法有效殺滅芽孢，必須使用肥皂（soap）與流動水（water）進行洗手，透過物理性的沖洗將芽孢從手部移除。
C. difficile spores are resistant to alcohol-based sanitizers, making them ineffective for hand hygiene after caring for affected clients. Soap and water must be used to physically remove spores from the hands through mechanical friction and rinsing.
✦ 台美臨床差異
美國醫療機構（CDC 指引）對 C. diff 的隔離強度極高，若單位內爆發群聚感染，甚至會要求停止使用酒精乾洗手，改用含氯洗手液或嚴格執行流動水洗手。護理師需確保病房門口有明確的隔離標誌。