護理師正向一群家長教導幼兒汽車安全座椅。哪項指導是正確的？
A nurse is teaching a group of parents about car seat safety for their toddlers. Which instruction is correct?
- AThe car seat should be placed in the front passenger seat if there is an airbag.若有安全氣囊，安全座椅應置於前排乘客座。
- BToddlers should be moved to a booster seat at age 2.幼兒應在2歲時改用增高座椅。
- CChildren should remain rear-facing as long as possible, until they reach the seat's weight limit.✓ 正解兒童應盡量保持向後坐，直到達到座椅的體重限制。
- DLoose-fitting winter coats should be worn under the car seat harness.應在安全座椅束帶下穿著寬鬆的冬季外套。
幼兒汽車安全座椅（car seat safety）的正確使用是預防兒童乘車傷害的關鍵，護理師在衛教家長時，必須提供最新且基於實證的指導。美國兒科學會（American Academy of Pediatrics, AAP）等專業組織不斷更新其建議，以確保兒童在不同成長階段都能獲得最佳保護。核心概念是兒童應該盡可能長時間地保持後向式乘坐，因為後向式座椅在發生撞擊時能更好地分散衝擊力，保護兒童脆弱的頭部、頸部和脊椎。護理師的職責是糾正常見的錯誤觀念，並強調遵守製造商的說明和最新的安全指南，以最大程度地降低兒童在車禍中的受傷風險。
Children should remain in rear-facing car seats as long as possible, up to the maximum weight or height limit allowed by the manufacturer, because this position best supports the head, neck, and spine during a crash. Front-facing seats are unsafe for toddlers, and bulky clothing can compromise harness fit, while booster seats are introduced only after the child outgrows the forward-facing harnessed seat.
美國各州法律不同，但 AAP 指引領先全球；台灣目前規定 2 歲以下必須使用後向式座椅。