護理師討論慢性病成人的預防接種。哪種疫苗特別推薦給此族群？

慢性病（如糖尿病、慢性肺病、心血管疾病）個案因免疫功能較弱或呼吸功能代償能力差，一旦感染肺炎鏈球菌（Streptococcus pneumoniae），極易引發嚴重併發症甚至死亡。美國疾病控制與預防中心（CDC）強烈建議此族群接種肺炎鏈球菌疫苗（Pneumococcal vaccine），以降低罹病率與死亡率。此為預防醫學中的關鍵護理衛教。

Patients with chronic diseases (such as diabetes, chronic lung disease, and cardiovascular disease) have weaker immune function or limited respiratory compensatory capacity, so infection with Streptococcus pneumoniae can easily lead to serious complications and death. The U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) strongly recommends pneumococcal vaccination for this population to reduce morbidity and mortality. This is a key piece of preventive-medicine teaching in nursing.