護理師正在指導家長如何為 6 個月大的嬰兒添加副食品。應包含哪項最重要的指示？
A nurse is teaching a parent about introducing solid foods to a 6-month-old infant. Which instruction is most important to include?
- AStart with honey to improve the taste of cereals開始給予蜂蜜以改善穀物的味道
- BIntroduce several new foods at once to provide variety一次引入多種新食物以提供多樣性
- CMix cereal with fruit juice in the bottle將穀物與果汁混合於奶瓶中
- DIntroduce new foods one at a time over a period of 3 to 5 days✓ 正解在 3 至 5 天的期間內，每次引入一種新食物
核心概念：嬰兒營養與過敏預防。6 個月是開始副食品的關鍵期，安全性是首要考量。為何正確答案 D 對：一次只添加一種新食物，並觀察 3-5 天，是為了辨識嬰兒是否對該特定食物產生過敏反應（如皮疹、嘔吐、腹瀉）。若混合多種食物，一旦過敏將難以追溯源頭。為何其他選項錯：選項 B 會增加過敏追蹤的困難；選項 A 絕對禁忌，1 歲以下嬰兒攝取蜂蜜有肉毒桿菌中毒（botulism）的風險；選項 C 錯誤，不應在奶瓶中混合固體食物，這會增加窒息風險並導致過度餵食。臨床思路：護理師應指導家長觀察過敏症狀，並從單一穀類（如米粉）或泥狀蔬菜開始嘗試。
New solid foods should be introduced one at a time with a 3- to 5-day interval to monitor for potential allergic reactions or intolerances. Honey must be avoided in infants under 12 months due to the risk of infant botulism. Solids should never be added to a bottle, as this increases choking risk and interferes with proper feeding development.
美國兒科學會（AAP）近年對於過敏性食物（如花生）的建議已轉向早期接觸以預防過敏，但「一次一種」仍是基本。台灣則常見家長擔心過敏而過度延後添加，護理師需鼓勵在 4-6 個月間即開始多樣化嘗試。