— 藥理與非經腸給藥 · EASY · MCQ —
護理師準備對一位心房顫動病人給予 warfarin。護理師應優先核對哪項實驗室數值?
A nurse is preparing to administer warfarin to a client with atrial fibrillation. Which laboratory value should the nurse check first?
- AHemoglobin level血紅素濃度
- BInternational Normalized Ratio (INR)✓ 正解國際標準化比值(INR)
- CActivated Partial Thromboplastin Time (aPTT)活化部分凝血活酶時間(aPTT)
- DPlatelet count血小板計數
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
Warfarin 為維生素 K 拮抗劑,臨床藉由監測 INR 來調整劑量以維持治療範圍。若 INR 過高,給藥會導致嚴重的出血風險;若過低,則無法達到抗凝血目的。aPTT 是用來監測 heparin,血小板則是關注 HIT 風險,非 warfarin 首要指標。
The nurse should check the International Normalized Ratio (INR) first, as it is the standard measure for monitoring warfarin therapy efficacy and safety. INR levels determine whether the dosage is therapeutic or poses a bleeding risk.
✦ 台美臨床差異
美國多由電腦化藥物系統自動跳出 INR 值供護理師確認;台灣護理師亦需於給藥前自行確認醫囑及最新檢驗值。